因子von Neumann代数上的非线性中心化子

设m，n是任意非零整数，且满足(m＋n)(m－n)≠0， M是实或复数域F上的Hilbert空间上的一个因子von Neumann代数.利用代数分解方法证明了M上满足2mφ(AB)＋2nφ(BA)＝mφ(A)B＋mAφ(B)＋nφ(B)A＋nBφ(A)的非线性映射φ为可加中心化子，并刻画出具体形式φ：A→λA(λ∈F， A∈M).     

国际石油价格波动的结构性因素分析

文章将石油供给性冲击、需求性冲击和投机行为冲击3方面结构性因素细分为5个内生变量,构建反映油价波动的结构向量自回归(SVAR)模型,并运用模型对1999—2012年期间油价波动的原因进行了实证分析。结果表明:需求性冲击无论是长期还是短期都是油价波动的最主要因素;其次,投机性冲击对油价波动的影响也较大,不容忽视;短期突发事件和供给冲击短期对油价有些影响,长期影响基本消失。     

带积分边界条件的分数阶微分方程正解的存在性

基于锥上的不动点指数理论,通过构造锥和Green函数的性质,给出如下带有双参数的非线性边值问题:■在不同增长性条件下正解的存在性、多解性和不存在性,其中:2α3;0μ2和λ0是两个参数.     

人工智能促进服务业生产率了吗

近年来，我国服务业占比呈现持续上涨态势，但服务业的高成本低效率问题仍然存在，随着人工智能和服务业的融合，服务业的全要素生产率是否提高有待进一步验证。我们运用DEA-Malmquist生产率指数验证了“鲍莫尔病”的确存在；加入人工智能因素后的服务业全要素生产率的确提高了，但是进一步的分解发现，全要素生产率的提高主要源于要素配置效率的改善和规模报酬递增效应，并非由于技术进步，人工智能作为技术进步的主要标志在提高服务业全要素生产率中的作用仍然有限，这是由于人工智能作用的滞后性所致。     

Flow and heat transfer behaviour of nanofluids in microchannels

Flow and heat transfer of aqueous based silica and alumina nanofluids in microchannels were experimentally investigated. The measured friction factors were higher than conventional model predictions at low Reynolds numbers particularly with high nanoparticle concentrations. A decrease in the friction factor was observed with increasing Reynolds number, possibly due to the augmentation of nanoparticle aggregate shape arising from fluid shear and alteration of local nanoparticle concentration and nanofluid viscosity. Augmentation of the silica nanoparticle morphology by fluid shear may also have affected the friction factor due to possible formation of a core/shell structure of the particles. Measured thermal conductivities of the silica nanofluids were in approximate agreement with the Maxwell-Crosser model, whereas the alumina nanofluids only showed slight enhancements. Enhanced convective heat transfer was observed for both nanofluids, relative to their base fluids (water), at low particle concentrations. Heat transfer enhancement increased with increasing Reynolds number and microchannel hydraulic diameter. However, the majority of experiments showed a larger increase in pumping power requirements relative to heat transfer enhancements, which may hinder the industrial uptake of the nanofluids, particularly in confined environments, such as Micro Electro-Mechanical Systems (MEMS).     

Methods for backcasting,nowcasting and forecasting using factor‐MIDAS: With an application to Korean GDP

We utilize mixed‐frequency factor‐MIDAS models for the purpose of carrying out backcasting, nowcasting, and forecasting experiments using real‐time data. We also introduce a new real‐time Korean GDP dataset, which is the focus of our experiments. The methodology that we utilize involves first estimating common latent factors (i.e., diffusion indices) from 190 monthly macroeconomic and financial series using various estimation strategies. These factors are then included, along with standard variables measured at multiple different frequencies, in various factor‐MIDAS prediction models. Our key empirical findings as follows. (i) When using real‐time data, factor‐MIDAS prediction models outperform various linear benchmark models. Interestingly, the “MSFE‐best” MIDAS models contain no autoregressive (AR) lag terms when backcasting and nowcasting. AR terms only begin to play a role in “true” forecasting contexts. (ii) Models that utilize only one or two factors are “MSFE‐best” at all forecasting horizons, but not at any backcasting and nowcasting horizons. In these latter contexts, much more heavily parametrized models with many factors are preferred. (iii) Real‐time data are crucial for forecasting Korean gross domestic product, and the use of “first available” versus “most recent” data “strongly” affects model selection and performance. (iv) Recursively estimated models are almost always “MSFE‐best,” and models estimated using autoregressive interpolation dominate those estimated using other interpolation methods. (v) Factors estimated using recursive principal component estimation methods have more predictive content than those estimated using a variety of other (more sophisticated) approaches. This result is particularly prevalent for our “MSFE‐best” factor‐MIDAS models, across virtually all forecast horizons, estimation schemes, and data vintages that are analyzed.     

Banach空间分数阶微分方程边值问题正解的存在性

用非紧性测度估计技巧和凝聚映射的不动点指数理论, 证明Banach空间中分数阶微分方程边值问题正解的存在性.     

检测器误差对路网流量推算影响的灵敏度分析

以路网检测器布设可测流问题中检测器误差对路网流量推算的影响为研究对象,采用基于交叉口转弯比的流量守恒方程和网络检测器布设模型,给出灵敏度分析方法并将其作为检测器误差分析的通用方法.将路段流量推算结果受误差源路段检测器误差的影响定义为关键系数,通过理论推导得出,多个误差源路段流量检测器误差对路网流量推算结果的影响为单个误差源路段流量检测器误差影响的线性叠加.最后以方格式路网为实例,采用在路网的只进和只出路段布设检测器两种方案,利用关键系数给出了检测路段流量误差对未检测路段流量推算的影响.     

数值流形位移法在岩体裂缝扩展中的应用

基于三角形网格,对裂缝扩展过程中流形单元变化情况进行了深入研究,从几何网格的角度对数值流形方法的连续与非连续统一处理方式进行解读.采用一阶覆盖函数,推导出数值流形算法的权函数表达式,建立局部位移函数.通过数值流形计算程序,得出裂缝尖端位移,并计算尖端应力强度因子.通过经典的中心裂纹板模型,对数值流形位移法求得的尖端应力强度因子进行验证,算例的数值解和解析解吻合度较高,证明数值流形法计算裂缝扩展的准确性,为裂纹扩展过程中尖端应力强度因子的求解提供了新的数值解法.     

分数阶微分方程非局部初值问题解的存在性

考虑相对于另一个函数的Caputo型分数阶导数,利用Krasnoelkii定理和Banach不动点定理得到初值问题解的存在性和唯一性的结果.